路加福音

Day 1

第1日

Read slowly and reflectively the assigned passage twice at least and consider the questions below.
請慢慢細讀每天指定的經文至少兩遍,然後反複思考問題。

Scriptural Reflection
Luke 22:63–71

This week we will continue to study the Gospel of Luke.

(1) Who were these guards? What should their duty be?

(2) Why did they mock Jesus and how? (See vv. 64-65)

(3) Did they not see and hear of Jesus’ miracles?

(4) Contrast how Jesus spent the night and how the council spent theirs.

(5) In trying to kill Jesus, what question did they ask Him and why?

(6) What if Jesus answered “yes”? Would they then demand proof?

(7) Would they then believe? (See Jesus’ verdict in v. 68.)

(8) In v.69 Jesus clarified what kind of “Christ” He is. Pay attention to the contrast between “Son of Man” and “seated at…”.

a. Who did He claim to be?

b. What is meant by “seated at the right hand of the mighty God”?

c. What does “from now on” mean (in predicting their imminent action)?

(9) Why would they conclude from Jesus’ answer that He claimed to be the Son of God? (See previous discourse on the subject in Lk. 20:41-44)

(10) Why did they say that they had heard enough from Jesus’ own lips?

(11) Why did they not ask for proof?

(12) What is the main message to you today and how may you apply it to your life?

經文默想
路加福音22:63-71

請細細慢讀每天指定的經文至少兩遍,然後反複思考問題。

(1) 英譯本NIV把「看守」的譯作聖殿的侍衛(temple guards) :他們原本的職責該是什麼?

(2) 他們怎樣戲弄主?(見第64-65) 為甚麼?

(3) 難道他們沒有目睹或耳聞主所作眾多的神蹟嗎?

(4) 你能想像主是怎樣渡過這一夜的嗎?眾長老和祭司長又如何?

(5) 既想定耶穌死罪,他們為何說:「你若是基督就告訴我們」?

(6) 如果主耶穌說是,他們會怎樣辦?會要求主拿出證明嗎?

(7) 耶穌怎樣回答他們?

(8) 在第69節,主耶穌藉著一個對比來澄清祂是怎樣的一位基督(即彌賽亞)

a. 你察覺到這對比嗎?

b. 祂的自稱是甚麼?

c. 然而卻說「要坐在神權能的右邊」,是甚麼意思?

d. 「從今以後」是甚麼意思?

(9) 為何因此他們知道耶穌稱自己為神的兒子?(參較早前,在20:41-44與主的對話)

(10) 為何他們說何必再用見證呢?

(11) 為何他們不要求耶穌提出證明呢?

(12) 今天你得到的主要提醒是什麼?你會怎樣應用在你的生命中?

Meditative Reflection
What Kind of Christ do You want?

“’If you are the Christ,’ they said, ‘tell us.’” (Lk. 22:67)

The religious leaders were obviously bent on getting rid of Jesus because of jealousy (Mk. 15:10), but their envy had led them to ignore the claim of Jesus and the miracles that He had performed to support His claim, not to mention His powerful preaching and His impeccable and sinless life.

However, it appears that they were not totally discounting the possibility that Jesus was the Christ, and so one of the first things they asked Jesus was, “If you are the Christ…tell us” (Lk. 22:67).

One wonders how they expected Jesus to answer such a question. They knew already that this was the claim of Jesus, and they certainly were prepared to follow up with the next question which would be, “Show us your proof.”

Jesus had given more than enough evidences of His claim, therefore He said to them, “If I tell you, you will not believe!” (Lk. 22:67.) However, He did give them more than they asked for, “But from now on, the Son of Man will be seated at the right hand of the mighty God” (Lk. 22:69).

He was not afraid that He would be trapped by them, but He wanted to correct their view of who Christ was. To the Jews, the Christ (i.e. the Messiah) was purely a political figure who would revive the nation of Israel by defeating their enemies. There was hardly any spiritual dimension to the Messiah, as far as they were concerned —there was no need for repentance, no need for changes of hearts.

With these words, Jesus pointed out that the following:

- He is more than just a man, He is the Son of Man — a term that He used often not only to denote His humanity, but to point to His Messiahship as referred to in Daniel 7:13.

- Since He will be seated at the right hand of the mighty God, He affirms His divinity as the Son of God.

- The timing of His ascension to heaven is “from now on”, referring to His knowledge of their plan to kill Him.

Unfortunately, though they did understand the meaning of Jesus' claim as both the Messiah and the Son of God, they were totally ignorant of the consequence of their action — the killing of Jesus. His death would be the means to usher Him to sit at the right hand of the mighty God. They mainly desired an earthly Messiah — a Savior for this life.

I have found the same is true with many believers as their belief in Jesus Christ is mainly for blessings of this earthly life — joy, peace and answers to prayers for the needs and challenges of this life. Beyond these, they show very little interest in their relationship with Christ. The Apostle Paul is well aware of such a tendency, therefore he admonishes the believers in Colosse with these words, “Since, then, you have been raised with Christ, set your hearts on things above, where Christ is seated at the right hand of God. Set your minds on things above, not on earthly things. For you died, and your life is now hidden with Christ in God. When Christ, who is your life, appears, then you also will appear with Him in glory.” (Col. 3:1-4)

靈修默想小篇
你信的是怎樣的基督?

「你若是基督,就告訴我們。耶穌說:我若告訴你們,你們也不信;(22:67)

這些猶太人領袖是因嫉妒以至決心要除掉耶穌的(15:10) 。他們的嫉妒使他們拒絕耶穌的自稱,不理會耶穌所行眾多的神蹟,更嫉妒祂極有力的講道和純潔無罪的生命。

只是他們似乎不敢完全抹殺耶穌是彌賽亞的可能性。故此在審訊耶穌時,他們第一句話就這樣問:「你若是基督,就告訴我們」(22:67)

我不知道,他們心中以為主耶穌會怎樣回答這問題!他們早已知道,這是主耶穌的自稱之一;或許他們所準備的下一個問題是:「請拿出證明來!」

但是,主耶穌豈不是已拿出了極多的證明嗎?故此祂說:「我若告訴你們,你們也不信」(22:67) ;且直接不避諱的說:「從今以後,人子要坐在神權能的右邊」(22:69)

祂知道這正是他們要得的把柄,但祂仍希望改變他們對基督(即彌賽亞) 錯誤的觀念。這些猶太人總以為彌賽亞是要來復興以色列國(1:6),把以色列的敵人打敗。這種觀念是純粹政治、屬地的觀念,與悔改、認罪,與神和好全無關係。,

故此,藉著短短的這一句話,主耶穌指出:

1. 祂不單單是人,乃是人子即他們熟悉的但以理書7:13那位要駕雲降臨的彌賽亞;

2. 祂既要坐在神權能的右邊,固然是神的兒子了;

3. 而這是「從今以後」:是指無論他們怎樣行也不能改變的事實!

可惜的是,他們沒法領會和接受主耶穌彌賽亞和神兒子的雙重身份。他們更不曉得,正因他們把祂殺害,引至祂坐在神權能的右邊!他們仍停留在渴想地上的彌賽亞,拯救民族而已的救主是今生、與永生無關的救主!

同樣可惜的是,今天不少信徒也持著他們這種的心態來對待耶穌。他們的信主仍停留在地上,今生的福份喜樂、平安、為今生的需要和因困難而禱告的得應允。除此之外,他們對永生毫無興趣。使徒保羅深深曉得我們這種心態,就這樣的勸戒我們:

所以,你們若真與基督一同復活,就當求在上面的事;那裡有基督坐在神的右邊。你們要思念上面的事,不要思念地上的事。因為你們已經死了,你們的生命與基督一同藏在神裡面。基督是我們的生命,他顯現的時候,你們也要與他一同顯現在榮耀裡。(西3:1-4)

Day 2

第2日

Read slowly and reflectively the assigned passage twice at least and consider the questions below.
請慢慢細讀每天指定的經文至少兩遍,然後反複思考問題。

Scriptural Reflection
Luke 23:1–12

(1) The religious leaders considered Jesus’ claim as the Son of God a blasphemy.

a. Why did they not debate or reason with Him on biblical ground?

b. Why was His death the only recourse?

(2) They knew that they did not have the proper authority to kill Jesus (see Jn. 18:31), especially not with the kind of crime they were to pin on Him. Neither did they have the authority to exercise the kind of penalty they wished to execute Him with, i.e. crucifixion, and so they brought Him to Pilate, the governor.

a. List the crimes they tried to pin on Jesus.

b. Did anyone of them have any legal validity?

(3) How did Pilate respond to these charges? What did he expect Jesus to answer?

(4) What did Jesus say in reply? Why then did Pilate still say that he found no basis for any charge against Jesus?

(5) Why did Pilate quickly refer the case to Herod once he learned that Jesus came from Galilee? What was his motive?

a. Was he simply trying to follow proper political and legal protocol?

b. Was he seeking to avoid being manipulated by the religious leaders?

c. Was he trying to pass the buck to Herod?

d. Was he trying to spare Jesus?

e. Or…?

(6) For what reasons did Herod entertain Pilate’s request?

a. He wanted to administer justice.

b. He wanted to know who Jesus really is.

c. Or…?

(7) Why did Jesus flatly ignore him?

(8) What kind of people would Jesus flatly ignore?

(9) How did Herod deal with the insult inflicted on him by Jesus?

(10) Luke ends this scenario with Herod with these words, “That day Herod and Pilate became friends — before this they had been enemies”. Mull over these words:

a. How did such a trial of Jesus make them friends?

b. How did Pilate use Jesus for his own political ends?

c. As they became friends, whom did they become in the eyes of God?

(11) What is the main message to you today and how may you apply it to your life?

經文默想
路加福音23:1-12

請細細慢讀每天指定的經文至少兩遍,然後反複思考問題。

(1) 這些宗教領袖和長老固然認定主耶穌是說褻瀆的話,自稱為神的兒子:

a. 為何他們不按聖經的真理與祂辯論?

b. 為何定祂死罪是惟一的途徑?

(2) 他們心知無權定祂死罪(見約18:31):

a. 試寫下他們在彼拉多面前所列出的罪狀。

b. 所列的那些屬實?

(3) 彼拉多對這些控訴的反應是什麼?他以為耶穌的回答會是什麼?

(4) 主耶穌怎樣回答他呢?既是這樣,為何彼拉多竟說查不出祂的罪來?

(5) 為何他一聽到耶穌是從加利利來,便立刻送祂到希律處?他有什麼動機?

a. 是要守法律的程序?

b. 是不願為猶太領袖所利用?

c. 是要把責任推到希律身上?

d. 是要救耶穌?或是…….

(6) 為何希律竟肯插手?

a. 是為施法公正?

b. 是要認識耶穌是誰?

c. 或是……

(7) 為何主耶穌完全不理睬希律?

(8) 一般來說,主耶穌絕對不理會那一種人?

(9) 在這插曲結束時,路加這樣說:「從前希律和彼拉多彼此有仇,在那一天就成了朋友」。請細味這句話:

a. 主耶穌這次的審訊怎樣使二人化敵為友?

b. 彼拉多怎樣利用了主耶穌?

c. 他們雖成為朋友,但在神面前,他們成為什麼?

(10) 今天你得到的主要提醒是什麼?你會怎樣應用在你的生命中?

Meditative Reflection
It was too Oppressive

But they insisted, 'He stirs up the people all over Judea by His teaching'.” (Lk. 23:5)

It is hard to read the insistence of not just the religious leaders but the people to oppress Jesus and their determination to seek the most horrific death known at the time — i.e. crucifixion. Yes, I know that His resurrection would happen in just a few days, but to see wickedness gain the upper hand, even for just a few moments, is hard to take. And so it is with our life, during a time of injustice or pain, we find it hard to bear. Perhaps, the following poem,  "Resurrection" by Mary Ann Bernard, can help us readjust our focus at such a time like the last day of Jesus’ life on earth:

Long, long, long ago;

Way before this winter's snow

First fell upon these weathered fields;

I used to sit and watch and feel

And dream of how the spring would be,

When through the winter's stormy sea

She’d raise her green and growing head,

Her warmth would resurrect the dead.

Long before this winter’s snow

I dreamt of this day’s sunny glow

And thought somehow my pain would pass

With winter’s pain, and peace like grass

Would simply grow. The pain’s not gone.

It’s still as cold and hard and long

As lonely pain has ever been,

It cuts so deep and far within.

Long before this winter’s snow

I ran from pain, looked high and low

For some fast way to get around

Its hurt and cold. I’d have found,

If I had looked at what was there,

That things don’t follow fast or fair.

That life goes on, and times do change,

And grass does grow despite life’s pains.

Long before this winter’s snow

I thought that this day’s sunny glow,

The smiling children and growing things

And flowers bright were brought by spring.

Now, I know the sun does shine,

That children smile, and from the dark, cold, grime

A flower comes. It groans, yet sings,

And through its pain, its peace begins.

Resurrection by Mary Ann Bernard

靈修默想小篇
眼看實在為難

「但他們越發極力的說:他煽惑百姓,在猶太遍地傳道,從加利利起,直到這裡了。(23:5)

讀到這些祭司長、文士、長老和群眾,絕不罷休的要除掉耶穌,甚至不但要祂被殺害,更要祂受最殘酷的十字架死刑而死,心中是非常的悲憤。雖然知道只隔兩三天,主就從死復活,但看見罪惡得勝時,不其然就想起詩人這句話:「眼看實在為難」(73:16) 。在人生中,我們也會遇到不公、不允或痛苦的事情,在時間拖長之時,也會覺得絕望。這使我想起Mary Ann Bernard的一首詩,提醒我一切生機是主復活大能的彰顯。

很久、很久之前,

在這冬雪尚未初次

降落在已被吹殘的土地之前;

我愛坐下、觀看,感受

夢想春天將會是怎樣

在經過寒冬的風暴

它會抬起青綠、有生命的頭

用溫暖叫已死的復生。

在這冬雪尚未來到之前,

我已夢想著今天和暖的陽光

盼望痛楚能成過去,寒冬的痛苦亦然;

而如草般的平安,能取而代之。

但苦痛沒有過去!

仍是冷冷的、硬硬的、長久的

比前更孤單!

在這冬雪尚未來到之前,

我到處奔跑,逃避這痛苦;

尋找捷徑、逃避它的傷痛和冷酷。

但我發現,若我能面對這些,

就曉得人生沒有捷徑和公允,

生命會繼續、時間亦轉流、

草亦會生長;痛苦雖延續。

在這冬雪尚未來到之前,

我還以為今天和暖的陽光

孩童的嬉笑、生物的生機

和花朵的燦爛是春日帶來的

現在我知,日頭必照亮、

孩童會歡笑;從那陰翳,寒冷的污垢

一朵花兒要長出。它在歎息中卻能歌唱,

在痛苦中,卻產生平安。

(編者譯自Mary Ann Bernard, Resurrection)

Day 3

第3日

Read slowly and reflectively the assigned passage twice at least and consider the questions below.
請慢慢細讀每天指定的經文至少兩遍,然後反複思考問題。

Scriptural Reflection
Luke 23:13–25

(1) How did Pilate seek to discharge Jesus the first time?

(2) How did he seek to discharge Jesus here the second time?

(3) What compromise did he make to the religious leaders this time?

(4) Including the two criminals who were crucified together with Jesus, how many death-row prisoners did Pilate have at the least? Why did he pick Barabbas for the people to choose against Jesus (see Matt. 27:15-18 as well)?

(5) The crowd (as incited by the religious leaders) was bent on killing Jesus, but what kind of death penalty did they demand?

(6) As far as you know, what was crucifixion reserved for?

(7) Would you call such a savage act religious fanaticism? Why or why not?

(8) If Jesus really committed blasphemy and/or heresy, how should they approach such a situation? How would you?

(9) Barabbas, literally represented the vilest of criminals, but he was spared by the death of Jesus. What does it say symbolically about the redemption of Christ on the cross?

(10) Pilate tried for the third time to free Jesus and yet the shouts of the people “prevailed” and he “surrendered Jesus to their will”.

a. How did Luke portray Pilate as a Roman governor?

b. What was his duty as a governor?

c. What options might he have?

d. Why did he not choose other options?

e. What is your verdict on Pilate?

f. What is the verdict of the Scripture on him? (See Acts 4:27)

(11) What is the main message to you today and how can you apply it to your life?

經文默想
路加福音23:13-25

請細細慢讀每天指定的經文至少兩遍,然後反複思考問題。

(1) 彼拉多似是力求釋放耶穌。他第一次試圖怎樣釋放祂?

(2) 第二次呢?他又怎樣作?

(3) 他因而作出什麼讓步?

(4) 除了在主旁被釘的兩位強盜外,彼拉多當時手上有幾多個死囚?為何單單拿巴拉巴來給群眾選擇?(可參太27:15-18)

(5) 眾人在祭司長和長老挑唆下,力求叫嚷除掉耶穌。然而他們要求什麼的死刑?

(6) 按你所知,十字架的刑罰是為那些人所定的?

(7) 你可稱這樣的行徑為「宗教狂熱」者所為嗎?為什麼?

(8) 如果主耶穌真是犯了褻瀆的罪,他們應該怎樣處理?你會怎樣處理?

(9) 巴拉巴可說是罪大惡極之輩,他的性命竟為主耶穌的命所代替:這裡表明了什麼屬靈的徵記?

(10) 彼拉多作第三次試圖拯救耶穌,但終被「他們的聲音」得勝了:

a. 路加在此怎樣描繪這個巡撫的呢?

b. 作為羅馬巡撫,他有什麼責任?

c. 在此,其實他確有什麼其他的選擇?

d. 為何他不選擇這些途徑?

e. 你對他的評價是什麼?

f. 聖經對他的評價又是怎樣?(參徒4:27)

(11) 今天你得到的主要提醒是什麼?你會怎樣應用在你的生命中?

Meditative Reflection
Gaining the World at the Expense of the Soul

But with loud shouts, they insistently demanded that he be crucified, and their shouts prevailed.” (Lk. 23:23)

The entire event of the crucifixion of Jesus unfolded like a drama, with the midnight betrayal and arrest of Jesus, followed by the religious kangaroo court. While the chief priests and the scribes could not pin any capital crime on Jesus, they went ahead anyway, presumably with a vote to hand him to Pilate to sanction their murder.

Unexpectedly, it was not an automatic sanction in the hands of Pilate who struggled in his conscience, knowing full well the innocence of Jesus and being warned by his wife with her dream (Matt. 27:19). His half-hearted attempt to drag Herod into the process did not succeed and eventually his last hope was the release of Jesus according to the custom. Alas, the crowd changed their mind ever so quickly and turned against Jesus, demanding His crucifixion. And we read, “Wanting to satisfy the crowd, Pilate…handed Him over to be crucified.” (Mk. 15:15)

Pilate thought that washing his hands in public would excuse him of this terrible crime of murder (Matt. 27:24), but the verdict of the Bible is clear, “Indeed, Herod and Pontius Pilate met together with the Gentiles and the people of Israel in this city to conspire against your holy servant Jesus, whom you anointed” (Acts 4:27).

One wonders what might have happened if Pilate chose to act justly and release Jesus.

For sure, Jesus had to die somehow, in the hands of the people, to accomplish the salvation plan for the world. The release of Jesus would certainly lead to a riot, and perhaps Jesus would be executed by the mob. Pilate would probably lose his popularity with the Jews and would lose his job as the governor. As it turned out, he kept the world and lost his soul.

I was reading the letter of Franklin Graham (president of Samaritan's Purse) back in 2013 in which he shared the latest news of persecution in Mali and in Syria. I was greatly touched by how Christians and their pastors persevered under such horrific circumstances, being able to reach others with food, supplies and the gospel. One such Syrian couple who came to Christ in the midst of devastation said, “We lost our whole world, but we gained our souls.”

靈修默想小篇
賺得世界、卻失去靈魂

「他們大聲催逼彼拉多,求他把耶穌釘在十字架上。他們的聲音就得了勝。(23:23)

整個釘十字架的過程是相當富戲劇性的:由主耶穌深夜被賣、被捉拿開始,繼而在大祭司院內無理的審判。雖然在毫無證據之下,相信他們是在投票通過後,決定把祂解去彼拉多處,要借他的手來謀害耶穌。

誰知彼拉多卻有所躊躇,不但是因良心之故,深知耶穌是無罪的,更因妻子的惡夢所帶來的警告(27:19) 。他試圖把決定卸給希律王卻不成功,惟有希望藉節期釋囚的規矩來免耶穌一死。但這些任人擺佈的群眾卻轉意要求把耶穌釘十字架。馬可告訴我們:「彼拉多要叫眾人喜悅,就釋放巴拉巴給他們,將耶穌鞭打了,交給人釘十字架。」(15:15)

彼拉多以為藉公開洗手就可以推卸責任(27:24),但聖經是清楚的定他的罪:「希律和本丟彼拉多,外邦人和以色列民,果然在這城裡聚集,要攻打你所膏的聖僕耶穌」(4:27)

我不禁在想:如果彼拉多公正的辦這案而釋放了耶穌,後果又會怎樣呢?

當然,主耶穌仍是要死在人的手上,成就救世的大工。而彼拉多若釋放耶穌,多數會帶來極厲害的動亂,相信群眾會在祭司長和文士的挑唆下把耶穌打死。彼拉多會失去猶太領袖的支持,而失去職位。但他雖然失去世界,卻是會得著生命的。(9:25)

這使我想起在2013年讀到葛福臨牧師(善普施國際救援事工的總裁) 報導毛里(Mali) 及敘利亞(Syria) 的信徒所受的逼迫。我特別被當地的信徒和牧者的見證所感動。在甚困難和危險的境況中,他們選擇不離去,反而以食物和救濟品,更以福音與他人分享。其中因此而信主的一對敘利亞夫婦就這樣說:「我們是失去了全世界,但我們卻賺得了靈魂。」

Day 4

第4日

Read slowly and reflectively the assigned passage twice at least and consider the questions below.
請慢慢細讀每天指定的經文至少兩遍,然後反複思考問題。

Scriptural Reflection
Luke 23:26–31

(1) Cyrene is in Africa. Why was Simon travelling all the way from Africa to Jerusalem? What was he looking forward to in Jerusalem during Passover?

(2) Was it an accident that he was forced to carry the cross of Jesus? Who drafted him in essence?

(3) How would he feel at the time?

(4) Look up Mark 15:21 and Romans 16:13. What do you think was the result of this encounter of Jesus by Simon?

(5) How then should you treat a cross that the Lord imposes on you?

(6) Why did Luke choose to mention the women who followed the procession?

(7) Why did Jesus tell these women who mourned for Him to mourn for themselves and their children instead?

(8) The severity of God’s wrath is reflected in the words in v. 30. Look up the following passages to get a sense of the day of God’s wrath: Isaiah 2:19; Hosea 10:8 and Revelation 6:15. Why did Jesus choose to give this warning at this time? (see v. 31)

(9) Reflect on v. 31. It is a difficult verse to understand, but it is generally agreed that it is a verse of contrasts. If the green tree (i.e. a tree full of sap) refers to Jesus or Jesus’ presence, and such wickedness (of killing the Son of God) could happen, what will happen when it (Jerusalem, representing Israel) is dry (ripe for judgment)?

(10) What is the main message to you today and how may you apply it to your life?

經文默想
路加福音23:26-31

請細細慢讀每天指定的經文至少兩遍,然後反複思考問題。

(1) 古利奈位於非洲:為何西門遠道來耶路撒冷?在這逾越節期間,他盼望得到什麼?

(2) 他被迫背著主的十字架是否偶然?是誰真的把他抓住?

(3) 你想他當時的感受會是怎樣的呢?

(4) 你曉得這一次的經歷對西門帶來了什麼影響?(可參可15:21和羅16:13)

(5) 你可從西門這事上學到什麼功課?

(6) 為何路加特別提到隨著耶穌後面走的婦女呢?

(7) 為何主耶穌卻叫她們為自己和兒女哭?

(8) 30節是指著神忿怒的嚴厲說的。試翻到以賽亞書2:19;何西亞書10:8和啟示錄6:15,看看那日子將會是怎樣?為何主耶穌揀選在此時發出這警告(見第31)

(9) 31節是不容易了解的。試從這句話的對比式來思考:這些事(指他們殺神兒子的罪行) 既行在有汁水的樹(似指主自己) 上,那枯乾的樹(相信是指死而又死的耶路撒冷) 將來要受怎麼樣的審判呢?

(10) 今日你得到的主要提醒是什麼?你會怎樣應用在你的生命中?

Meditative Reflection
Carrying the Cross of Christ

As they led Him away, they seized Simon from Cyrene, who was on his way in from the country, and put the cross on him and made him carry it behind Jesus.” (Lk. 23:26)

I like the way Barclay depicts the scene of Simon of Cyrene carrying the cross of Christ:

“This must have been a grim day for Simon of Cyrene. Palestine was an occupied country and any man might be impressed into the Roman service for any task. The sign of impressment was a tap on the shoulder with the flat of a Roman spear. Simon was from Cyrene in Africa. No doubt he had come from the far off land for the Passover. No doubt he had scraped and saved for many years in order to come. No doubt he was gratifying the ambition of a lifetime to eat one Passover in Jerusalem. Then this happened to him.”
(Barclay, Mark, 360)

Jesus has told us that anyone who wishes to follow Him must take up his own cross and follow Him (Lk. 14:27). But Simon did not have any intention to follow Him. He was just “passing by”, and was made to carry a cross which he considered not his. As it turned out, this was a cross he must carry for him to know and follow Christ. Many of us today are weary of the cross we carry, but we need to learn from this experience of Simon:

(1) As much as he was just passing by, it was no accident. In truth, it was not so much the Roman soldiers who drafted him for the service, it was God.

(2) At the time of carrying the cross, we, like Simon, would be very unhappy, asking, “Why me?”

(3) As it turned out, as he took the cross from Jesus, he came face to face with the Savior — what better encounter with the Lord than when we see Him face to face under His cross.

(4) Indeed, his journey that day ended at the foot of the Cross. I believe, he would have stood there, perhaps at a distance, witnessing the suffering and death of Christ, and obviously it was a life-changing event for him.

(5) Not just for him though, but for his entire family as Paul sent greetings to his family in Rome, “Greet Rufus (Simon’s son), chosen in the Lord, and his mother (Simon’s wife) who has been a mother to me, too.” (Lightfoot’s opinion of Romans 16:13 based on Mark 15:21—TICC, Romans, 793)

Looking back, perhaps Simon relished not only the opportunity of encountering Jesus, but also the opportunity of lessening the suffering of Christ. What a privilege it was to bear His cross at a time when He needed someone to share His burden most!

Next time, if you find the cross that you carry too heavy and unpleasant, remember Simon of Cyrene.

靈修默想小篇
背起自己的十字架

「帶耶穌去的時候,有一個古利奈人西門,從鄉下來;他們就抓住他,把十字架擱在他身上,叫他背著跟隨耶穌 (23:26)

解經家Barclay對古利奈人西門有以下的感想:

「這一定是古利奈人西門倒運的日子。巴勒斯坦是一個被佔領的地土,任何人都可以被羅馬徵用,只要羅馬士兵用矛頭一點你的肩膀就行了。西門來自非洲的古利奈。無疑是遠道來過逾越節的。肯定他為自己能一嘗宿願在耶路撒冷守逾越節而興奮。誰知……(Barclay, Mark, 360)

主耶穌告訴我們,凡要作祂門徒的都要背起自己的十字架來跟從祂(14:27) 。但這西門根本沒有意思要跟隨祂,他只不過是路過而已。他被迫去背著不是他自己的十字架。誰知,這是他必須背的十字架,以至他能認識,並跟隨基督。今天,我們常常不願背任何的十字架,其實我們需要從西門這事學些功課:

(1) 看來他是偶然的路過,但其實這絕非是偶然的事。說真的,不是羅馬士兵徵他服苦,是神徵他入伍;

(2) 像西門一樣,當我們在背十字架時,會老是不高興的問:「為何要我背十字架?」

(3) 就在他從主耶穌處拿起十字架時,他是面對面的遇見主能在背十字架時,面對面的見主是何等的寶貴;

(4) 就在那一天,他的腳步止於十字架的底下我相信,他因而目睹主耶穌被釘的情景,帶來他人生最大的改變;

(5) 結果,這改變延及一家。我們讀到保羅寫信給羅馬教會時這樣說:「又問在主蒙揀選的魯孚(即西門的兒子)和他母親(即西門的妻子)安;他的母親就是我的母親。」(解經家Lightfoot對羅16:13的解釋, TICC, Romans, 793)

當西門回顧這天被迫背主十字架之事時,相信他不但為能遇見主耶穌而感恩,更因能在主最需要的時候,稍為分擔主的重擔來感恩。

弟兄姊妹,當我們不願意背起自己的十字架時,讓我們想念古利奈的西門。

Day 5

第5日

Read slowly and reflectively the assigned passage twice at least and consider the questions below.
請慢慢細讀每天指定的經文至少兩遍,然後反複思考問題。

Scriptural Reflection
Luke 23:32–43

(1) How much do you know about the process and cruelty of execution by the cross? Try to describe it.

(2) The Scripture does not go into detail to describe this horrific process of crucifixion. Can you think of the reason why?

(3) Given what Jesus went through and the great pain on the cross, how special was His prayer in v. 34 (especially in light of His earlier comment in v. 31)?

(4) In what way(s) did they (the Jews and the Gentiles) not know what they were doing?

(5) Will the Father forgive them?

(6) Would you, if you were the father of the son so crucified?

(7) Read Isaiah 53:9, 12 and Psalm 22:18. If you lived in the time of the Old Testament, how might you interpret these prophecies about the Messiah before Jesus appeared?

(8) What then is the significance of the happening of these events at Jesus’ death?

(9) Read the insults hurled at Jesus by the people, the rulers, the soldiers and even the criminal. What in essence was the core content of their mocking?

(10) Read Matthew 4:5-7 and compare the temptation Jesus was facing at the cross. Which, in your opinion, represented a more powerful temptation? Why?

(11) What did the other criminal on the other cross demonstrate with his words of rebuke and his request to Jesus?

(12) Do you think this criminal was saved even at this late stage of his life? Why?

(13) What is the main message to you today and how may you apply it to your life?

經文默想
路加福音23:32-43

請細細慢讀每天指定的經文至少兩遍,然後反複思考問題。

(1) 你對十字架的刑罰有多少認識?試把這刑罰的過程描寫出來。

(2) 你認為四福音的作者為何都不詳述主被釘的過程?

(3) 經過了一夜的折磨,再加上身懸十字架的極度痛苦,主在此際發出第34節的禱告有何特別之處?(特別是曾在第30-31節發出警告之言)

(4) 他們(包括猶太人與外邦人) 真的不曉得所作的嗎?

(5) 父神會赦免他們嗎?

(6) 如果你是父神,你會嗎?

(7) 請翻到以賽亞書53:9, 12和詩篇22:18。如果你是活在舊約時代,耶穌基督尚未出現之時,你會怎樣領會這些關乎彌賽亞的預言?

(8) 這些預言在這時候應驗有什麼重要性?

(9) 百姓、官府、兵丁,甚至同釘十字架的強盜,都出言譏諷耶穌:他們譏誚的主要原因是什麼?

(10) 把主耶穌現在面對的試探,與先前在馬太福音4:5-7的試探相比,你認為那一個更難受?為什麼?

(11) 為何另一個強盜對主的態度卻是絕然不同?他對同釘的強盜責備之言,加上他對主耶穌的祈求,表示什麼?

(12) 你認為這大惡的強盜臨死才悔改有用嗎?會否太遲?為什麼?(23:43)

(13) 今天你得到的主要提醒是什麼?你會怎樣應用在你的生命中?

Meditative Reflection
Saved at the Last Moment

I tell you the truth, today you will be with me in paradise.” (Lk. 23:43)

The last-minute repentance of one the criminals on the cross has great significance to us today, as it gives us certainty that even at the last moment of one’s life, salvation can be extended to him or her if one is genuine in his or her repentance and trust in Jesus Christ.

This criminal demonstrated his genuine repentance when he said, “We are punished justly for we are getting what our deeds deserve” (23:41):

a. He acknowledged his sin openly.

b. At the same time, he also confessed the severity of his sin.

c. He accepted the rightful consequence of his sin.

He also expressed his trust in Jesus Christ and His forgiveness when he said, “Remember me when you come into your kingdom”:

d. He acknowledged Who Jesus is openly — the Messiah, the King who will come again as told by the prophets.

e. By asking to be remembered, he expressed his trust in being forgiven, even with his sinful and horrific past!

As a pastor who has had the opportunity of helping dying people confess their sins and accept Jesus Christ as their Lord and Savior at the last moment of their lives, these words of Jesus give me assurance that they are certainly saved, “I tell you the truth, today you will be with me in paradise” (Lk. 23:43).

However, it is important to note that it is not their baptism (the criminal on the cross never had the chance to be baptized), but their genuine repentance and trust in Jesus Christ as the Son of God and His forgiveness that usher them into eternal life.

靈修默想小篇
信得太遲?

「耶穌對他說:我實在告訴你,今日你要同我在樂園裡了。(23:43)

這十架上的強盜,能在臨終前一刻悔改信主,實在是後世之福,叫我們知道,就是死前一刻,只要是真心悔改、相信耶穌的人,都像這強盜一樣得拯救。

這強盜在十架上所說的話是甚有意思的。首先,他責備另一個強盜說:「我們是應該的,因為所受的,與我們所作的相稱」(23:41) 。換句話說:

1. 他公開的承認自己的罪;

2. 他承認自己所犯的罪之嚴重;

3. 他是甘願接受當得的刑罰。

跟著,他向主耶穌說:「祢得國降臨的時候,求祢記念我」(23:42) 。換句話說:

1. 他公開的承認耶穌是誰:是王、是先知所說再來的彌賽亞;

2. 既求主記念,是表明他相信主的赦免(23:34) ,像他這樣大惡要受十架死刑的人,主也赦免。

作為牧者,總有機會在病人臨死之前,帶領他們悔改,接受主耶穌作他們的救主和主。主耶穌給這強盜的回答,叫我們知道,這時信主不會太遲:「我實在告訴你,今日你要同我在樂園裡了」(23:43)

這更提醒我們,不是洗禮(這十架上的強盜當然沒有這個機會) ,乃是一個人的真心相信和悔改,使他得救,有永生。

Day 6

第6日

Read slowly and reflectively the assigned passage twice at least and consider the questions below.
請慢慢細讀每天指定的經文至少兩遍,然後反複思考問題。

Scriptural Reflection
Luke 23:44–49

The Death of Christ:

(1) Do you think it was an accident that the sun stopped shining from noon to 3:00 PM that day? What did it signify?

(2) How significant was it that the curtain of the temple was torn in two? (See Exod. 26:31-33; Heb. 10:19-20)

(3) What impact might it have on the priests? (Acts 6:7)

(4) Jesus called out His last Word on the cross with a loud voice, "It is finished!”.

a. What is the significance of addressing God as “Father” at this time?

b. What does it mean to commit His Spirit in the hands of the Father?

c. What is the implication to those Christians who also commit their spirits into God’s hands when they die?

(5) Luke then describes the reaction of the people to Jesus’ death:

a. What was the reaction of the centurion (believed to be of German descent)?

  1. Why did he praise God?
  2. What prompted him to realize that Jesus “was a righteous man”?

b. What was the reaction of “all the people” who witnessed the crucifixion?

  1. Why did they beat their breasts?
  2. What did they do apart from beating their breasts?
  3. Why did they not react like the centurion?

c. What was the reaction of those who knew Jesus, including the women who followed Him from Galilee?

  1. What might be the best description of how they felt at the time?
  1. Extreme sorrow
  2. Anger
  3. Perplexity, bewilderment
  1. Why did they not react like the centurion?

(6) Spend a bit of time, putting yourself at the foot of the cross:

a. What might be the best description of how you would feel at the time?

b. Would you react like the centurion? Why or why not?

(7) What is the main message to you today and how may you apply it to your life?

經文默想
路加福音23:44-49 (基督的死亡)

請細細慢讀每天指定的經文至少兩遍,然後反複思考問題。

(1) 為何日頭由正午到申初(即下午三時) 變黑了?是偶然發生的嗎?

(2) 聖殿的幔子從當中裂為兩半的重要性何在?(參出26:31-33和來10:19-20)

(3) 你以為對祭司們會有影響嗎?(參徒6:7)

(4) 主耶穌在此大聲的喊出祂在十字架上最後的一句話:

a. 在此時說「父阿」有何重要性?

b. 把靈魂交父的手中是什麼意思?

c. 這句話對後世信徒在死時交托靈魂給神有什麼重要的意義?

(5) 路加在此把十字架旁的人,對這情景不同的反應描述出來:

a. 百夫長的反應是什麼?

i. 為何竟歸榮耀與神?

ii. 是什麼原故使他說祂真是個義人?

b. 聚集的眾人的反應又是什麼?

i. 為何捶胸?

ii. 捶胸之餘尚作什麼?

iii. 為何他們的反應不像百夫長?

c. 認識主的人(包括從加利利跟著祂來的婦女) 的反應是什麼?

i. 你可以怎樣形容他們的心情:極度的哀傷?憤怒?困惑?或是……

ii. 為何他們的反應不像百夫長?

(6) 試用一點時間停下來,立足在十字架底下思量:

a. 如果你是目睹這一切,你的感受會包括什麼?

b. 你會像百夫長一樣,作出類似的反應嗎?為什麼?

(7) 今日你得到的主要提醒是什麼?你會怎樣應用在你的生命中?

Meditative Reflection
Conversion of the Most Unlikely

The centurion, seeing what had happened, praised God and said, ‘Surely this was a righteous man'.” (Lk. 23:47)

In reading some of the more reliable historical materials on the Roman soldiers who happened to be stationed in the Jerusalem vicinity, I have come to understand that these soldiers were of German descent.

I am just curious about the world-wide impact of the crucifixion, even in Jesus’ time. It would have been viewed as an entirely Jewish internal affair, religious squabbles that highlighted the fanaticism of the prevailing leaders of Judaism (no different from what we have seen in today’s Islamic world). This much is what would have been noted by the Roman world, if not for the presence and the conversion of these Roman soldiers, presumably not of the centurion alone, according to Matthew 27:54.

One does not need to read up on what traditions might have to say (or speculate) on these Germans. Since they had become believers, and when they were relocated back home or to other colonies of the Roman Empire, they would lend credence to the gospel which eventually spread to the whole empire. After all, they were first-hand witnesses.

Hard-core, ruthless bullies could even be used by the Lord. But isn’t this always the way of the Lord? Some years later, a ruthless Saul with blood-stained hands would become the most important apostle who was responsible for bringing the gospel all the way to citadels of the Roman Empire.

靈修默想小篇
意料之外的果子

「百夫長看見所成的事,就歸榮耀與神,說:這真是個義人!(23:47)

在閱讀一些可靠的歷史資料,知道那些在耶穌受難時駐守耶路撒冷的羅馬兵丁原來是德裔。這叫我明白到基督被釘十架的事蹟,早已有超越猶太民族的影響。

當時的羅馬政府以為這祇是猶太人的過份熱衷他們的信仰所產生的事件,就像今天激進的伊斯蘭份子所帶來的恐怖事件。但駐守耶路撒冷的德裔兵丁和百夫長的相信,改變了這種的看法。

我們不用看野史在這方面的記載,就可以想像到他們被調回家鄉或到羅馬帝國其他的地方駐守時,他們便能為福音作第一身的見證人。

這些原本像「巴珊大力的公牛」(22:12) ,恃勢凌人,欺凌弱小的魯漢,竟然可以被耶穌使用。這常常是神作事希奇之處。在這些兵丁驚叫:「這真是神的兒子了」之不久(27:54),那位兇殘成性的年青掃羅,竟然被神揀選成為福音遍傳羅馬帝國的使徒。

Day 7

第7日

Read slowly and reflectively the assigned passage twice at least and consider the questions below.
請慢慢細讀每天指定的經文至少兩遍,然後反複思考問題。

Scriptural Reflection
Luke 23:50–56

The Burial of Christ

(1) Luke gives a detailed description of Joseph. Try to list each of things that Luke says about him.

(2) What is Luke trying to say about him?

(3) What might be the thing you admire about him most?

(4) But John adds one more piece of information about him in John 19:38. Does it change your opinion about him? Why or why not?

(5) Compare 23:53 with Luke 2:7:

a. What contrast can you detect?

b. What similarity can you detect?

c. What does this say about our Lord Jesus Christ?

(6) This was the last Sabbath before the resurrection of Jesus:

a. Could the women and men who followed Jesus really rest on that Sabbath?

b. Can you describe their restlessness?

c. And yet this was really the “true Sabbath” for all people, do you agree? Why?

d. Have you entered the “true Sabbath” and rest because of Jesus’ death and resurrection? Why or why not?

(7) What is the main message to you today and how may you apply it to your life?

經文默想
路加福音23:50-56

請細細慢讀每天指定的經文至少兩遍,然後反複思考問題。

(1) 試詳細列出路加對約瑟的形容。

(2) 路加這樣的描述約瑟,其總意是什麼?

(3) 你對約瑟最欣賞的是什麼?

(4) 約翰福音19:38對他加上了什麼評語?你對約瑟的意見有沒有受到影響?為什麼?

(5) 比較路加福音23:532:7

a. 兩處有什麼對比?

b. 兩處有什麼共鳴?

c. 兩處合起來,給我們對主耶穌「道成肉身」有什麼領會?

(6) 這是主復活前最後的一個安息日:

a. 那些跟隨主的人是否真的可以安息?

b. 你可以形容他們在這安息日是怎樣渡過的嗎?

c. 其實這才是歷世歷代真正的「安息日」,你同意嗎?為什麼?

d. 你今天是否已因主的死和復活,進入了真正的「安息」?為什麼?

(7) 今天你得到的主要提醒是什麼?你會怎樣應用在你的生命中?

Meditative Reflection
The Sabbath of Sabbaths

But they rested on the Sabbath in obedience to the commandment.” (Lk. 23:56)

Luke tells us that the women who followed Jesus from Galilee stood at a distance watching how Jesus was being crucified. They had to be devastated and totally broken in spirit. With tears that had yet to dry, they fearlessly followed Joseph to the tomb. As they watched His body being wrapped and looked at the tomb, their hearts were perplexed, their spirits far from settled and their hearts far from resting! But this being the Sabbath, there was nothing they could do, and so the Bible says, “they rested on the Sabbath in obedience to the commandment” (Lk. 23:56).

Yes, on the surface, they rested, but not really. I am sure this was the most restless Sabbath of their lives. As they supposedly rested in their homes, their mourning continued, with their minds recounting all that had happened in the last 7 days — the miraculous healing of Lazarus which they saw with their own eyes; the heightened expectation of the coming of the Kingdom of God; the Hosanna cries that rocked the city of Jerusalem; and then everything went downhill! Their minds were still haunted by the kangaroo court in the Sanhedrin, the humiliation suffered by Jesus in the hands of the temple guards, the priests, Herod and the Roman soldiers and the cries of the people — crucify Him, crucify Him! Finally, as a lamb in the hands of the shearers, Jesus was brutally crucified and He died! And all was over!

It was like a nightmare — sadness, anger, numbness, despairs and perhaps, even a sense of betrayal flooded their souls! What Sabbath! What rest!

But unknown to them at the time, it was in fact the greatest Sabbath in Jewish history — this was the greatest Sabbath ever, the most important Sabbath, because this was the Sabbath that ends all Sabbaths!

Sabbath was for rest, not physical rest alone. Augustine understood it well, “Our souls cannot find rest, until we rest in you!”. And thus, the true Sabbath, the true rest can only be found when the following are accomplished:

- The dark power of Satan is completely shattered.

- Sins can be totally atoned for.

- The barrier that separates us from God is completely removed.

- The deepest void in human souls is once again filled by the very presence, the very love of our Creator God!

This was the night when all this, in the words of Jesus, “is finished!” Finally, the whole world can rest!

靈修默想小篇
安息日中之安息日

「他們就回去,預備了香料香膏。他們在安息日,便遵著誡命安息了。(23:56)

路加告訴我們,那些從加利利跟著耶穌來的婦女們,是遠遠的站著看主釘十字架的(23:49) 。她們一定是傷心欲絕,心靈完全破碎了。在眼淚滿眶中,她們無懼的跟著西門,一直到主的墳前。看著主被裹的身體,她們一定百感交雜,更是感到困惑。鑒於是安息日,她們不能作什麼。聖經說:「她們在安息日,便遵著誡命安息了」(23:56) 。但是,她們心中真的安息嗎?

表面上,她們什麼也不能作,心中何來安息呢!其實,這是她們一生最沒有安息的「安息日」才對!雖在家中歇息,她們的哀慟沒有歇止;她們的腦海一定不斷的盤旋著過去一星期多發生的事情她們親眼看見拉撒路竟從死裡復活、耶路撒冷整個城市的震撼、和散那歌聲四起、然後,一切都改變了。在大祭司院內的審訊、在公會前的被辱、被看守的人看中被打,更在羅馬人手下被鞭,更有群眾轉過來喊著:釘祂十字架!最後,真如羊羔在剪毛的人手下,耶穌柔弱、無聲、無反抗地,被釘十字架而死!對,耶穌死了!一切都完蛋了!

好像是一場惡夢哀愁、憤怒、絕望,或許更有一點點被騙的感受,充滿了心懷。安息?何來安息?

但是,她們有所不知,這正是猶太人歷史以來最大的安息日是最重要、最真確的安息日、是總結所有安息日的安息日!

安息日何止是肉身的安息。奧古士丁說得對:「我們的心靈得不到安息,直到我們安息於袮!」

是的,真正的安息日在乎:

- 撒但黑暗的權勢被粉碎;

- 人的罪得以被買贖;

- 人與神之間的阻隔被消除;

- 人心靈的空處再一次被造他的神和祂的愛所充滿!

這些一切,都在那安息日得到完成,像主在十字架所言:「成了」。全個世界可以得享安息了!